Katharina Reiss Text Typology

Katharina Reiss Text TypologyReiss displacement-oriented school school text edition-typology provides a systematic approach to variant. More interestingly, it approaches translation at the text level. This essay will examine Reiss typology with focus on parting the irrigate, published in National Geographic, a monthly clipping that borders on science, geography, hi chronicle and culture.REISS TEXT-TYPOLOGYReiss sees translation as an act of communication whereby the translator acts as a medium (secondary sender). This presupposes that a message has to be passed across, from the primary sender ( obtain text) to the secondary receiver ( butt text). The major media are the source language and the target language. The rail here is to produce a target language text that is functionally equivalent to the source language text (Reiss 1971160). This means the source text should be the consultative point for the translator. In order to achieve this functional equivalence, Reiss propos es a functional approach of text-typology. This approach takes into account the communicative functions of a source text as a basis for translating into the target text. In other rule books, a target text that does not have the same function as the source text is not entirely a translation, but what Reiss calls transfer (ref here). Reiss text-typology includes a two-phase approach in translating a text Phase of analytic thinking and phase of reverbalization. The analysis phase basically involves establishing the text type, genre and style (linguistic form).The phase of analysis is the most important as that is what would inform the translation method acting to social function.Text-type of region the WatersReiss identifies three text-types according to their communicative function namely the informative type (communication of content), the expressive type (communication of artistically organised content) and the operative type (communication of content with a persuasive characte r). There is another hyper-type which she calls the audio-medial text type. This is more of a super-ordinate term for the other three and does not concern the text in chief since it is a written text. Parting the Waters tramp be seen chiefly as an informative text type first given the context of the text magazine and second beca give it gives factual information about a place Korea, and the geographical events that take place there. The translation strategy recommended in this case by Reiss should therefore focus on conveying content.Text variety (genre) of Parting the WatersThis stage has to do with the conventions of structure and language adopted by the text. However, Reiss explains that they may take issue according to varied cultures. The importance of this is to be able to surface a functionally equivalent convention in the target text culture. In this light, Parting the Waters is a kind of popular scientific text. This suggests also that it seeks a wider auditory sense other than scientists. This leads to the final stage of analysis style.Style in Parting the WatersThe final stage of analysis has to do with detai lead semantic, syntactic and pragmatic analysis of the language use (Reiss 1971166). Ordinarily, one would expect that when a text is an informative type, even the language used should be such that it is aimed only at giving facts. But that is often not the case, as Reiss herself admits not in one single language do form and function show a 11 relation (166). Hence, looking at the text, one would find a similar occurrence. The text has expressive language such as the internal rhymes tides, divine, divide of 15 feet. There is also an allusion to a scriptural story not divine interventions, an expression that answers the presupposition in the title itself Parting the Waters. Reiss thus considers this stage of analysis the most important, as the translator is faced with a determinative battle on what would inform the translation the langua ge or the function of the text. At this point, Reiss posits that if using an equivalent language style may weigh on the content of the text, then the translator should stick to the predominant function of the text.Translating Parting the Waters to Yorb limitationsTaking into consideration the content-focused function of the text, the translator is expected to employ a method that would achieve the same function as that of the target text by translating according to the sense and meaning (Reiss 1971167). This suggests that the meaning conveyed by the target text should be equivalent to the meaning in the source text. For this to be achieved, Reiss adds that what is conveyed implicitly in the SL text should be explicated in the TL and vice versa (167). cosmos a popular science text, and specifically about geography, Parting the Waters has terms such as peninsula, southwestern, mile, width, feet, and spring. While more or less of them might have some kind of equivalence (i.e. peninsu la, mile width) in , a climatic description like spring poses a bother because Yorb neither has a word nor group of words for it. This is basically due to the different weather conditions. The question is what should the translator convey here? This is important because spring as used in the text plays a major role in the content by telling us when an event takes place. The only alternative here would be to supervene upon the word with the time of the year this season happens in Korea. The problem with this is that it might salmagundi the meaning, as the sense of season is different from the calendar year. This aspect of the translation problem seems to call on Nidas gloss translation of formal equivalence, that is, the use of footnotes in order to make the text fully comprehensible (Nida 1964129). What this means is that Reiss method is not sufficient to solve this translation problem.In talking about divine interventions, the text makes allusion to a biblical story about the Red Sea. This could be because the author had a target audience in mind and presumes they know about the story in the Bible. Although this can also be linked to the use of expressive language, it is however difficult to ignore the fact that this type of language use plays a role in the text- to maintain the interest of the reader. If the original audience for the source text were scientists, there is doubt as to whether expressive language would have been used at all, since all that would be needed are facts. The question is whether or not to include it in the translation. The answer to this is dependent on another question who are the audience? Sacrificing the expressive form might change the text to an entirely scientific or historic one. This means a different readership, as it may not appeal to a common reader. The problem here is that Reiss method overlooks the fact there is an addressee for even an informative text type. She acknowledges this only in the text variety stage. Commu nication itself is not complete without a receiver, in this case the audience.The title, Parting the Waters, also draws attention. It first makes the reader think of the biblical story of the red sea, and then makes a reader assume that is what the text is about. But this effect can only be achieved based on a shared knowledge between the author and the reader about the biblical story of the Red Sea. This assumption too must have been informed by the fact that the author had an audience in mind. However, the author quickly attends to this low density and possible misconception by the following opening sentence Tides, not divine interventions, divide Unfortunately, the target language (Yorb) audience is a mixture of different religions. In this text the title performs an expressive function, but that is not to say its predominant function is expressive. Since it is an informative text, one would expect again that the title would be informed by the major content being conveyed. But t his is not the case. Moreover, attractive titles seem to be a common feature of this genre. This is also a common feature of Yorb magazines (ref here). The question here is since content is the aim, should the target title be informed by the content alone and leave the use of expressive language? This of course is possible, as Reiss already advises on ignoring such language use especially if it will weigh on the content. The translation can simply have pa-n kun Korea which means The Path between Korean Waters. The consequence of this however is that it might not appeal to the wider audience except a few, specialists. This brings up again the question who are the audience? Reiss considers this an appropriate factor only when the function of the target text is different from the source text (Reiss 1971170). What her typology fails to key is that both source and target texts can have the same function (as in the case of Parting the Waters) but different addressees.CONCLUSIONWhile Reis s translation-oriented text-typology provides a systematic method of approaching a translation task, it does not provide a complete solution for some problems in English to Yorb translation of Parting the Waters. This suggests that it is not absolute that a text function will provide a translation strategy. Fawcett (1997 107) makes this same pointThere is simply no necessary link between text function and translation strategy. Just because we have identified a text functiondoes not mean that we are led inexorably to any logical or translation-scientific imperative to take this function as an overriding parameter to which we subordinate our translation decisions.This further suggests that other translation theories are valid and useful to the extent to which they proffer a solution to a translation problem.

strategic analysis of mcdonalds in india

strategical analysis of mcdonalds in indiaMcDonalds vision is to be the worlds best quick service eating house experience. Being the best means providing step to the forestanding quality, service, cleanliness, and value, so that we make every customer in every restaurant smile.Values.Our values summarized in Q.S.C V. Provide right quality, services to customer. Have cleanliness environment when customer enjoys their meal .The value of food product makes every customer is smiling.Executive Summary.This documentation is mainly about the line of credit strategies of McDonalds in India how it applies their strategies to interact with external environment.This discussed the following Porters models to imply the partys strategies in detailPorters Generic Strategy analysis.(Use to identify the strategies to select)Porters Value Chain analysis. (Use to identify the value bowed stringed instrument activities to choke off the system.)As a fast food community, the rivals that it ha s faced in the Indian economy during the implementation the strategies they applied, and the strategy changes according to different shoess reports from this document.Porters generic strategy analysis of McDonalds is mainly on its unique characteristic applied in India, companys commitment dedication bear onn to reach the success in the Indian market. It shows McDonalds demarcation strategies that took place during the banking crisis which lead to global economy recession how it affected the Indian economy.Through Porters Value Chain Analysis this document tries to highlight McDonalds primary activities support activities of their production process, applied in India. Through this analysis, it shows the factors influencing the company performance, coordination between firms in the industry their quality support services as well. Also, report tends to discuss the situation of other competitors in the industry, their performance and position in the Indian market.Finally, this report implies that low cost focus strategy can keep a company to survive in the recession. Also, it can achieve low cost focus strategy through their logistic systems, reducing food wastes and increasing effectiveness of employees.Introduction.Mc Donalds, was originated in USA (California) in 1954, and has become one of the successful fast food scopes in the world. Also one of the most recognized and established brands in the world. To such a development it helps some successful business strategies which lined to its external environment (Macro environment) and the industry environment (Micro environment).This document discussed the success of McDonalds peculiarly in India and the strategies that they followed to reach the current position. Also, this provides a discussion of an analysis of why the company selects those strategies in response to the changing external environment to reach the goals. The company was able to establish around 30,000 franchising stores in 119 countr ies, localizeing around 47 million people each day and it generates about $ 15 billion revenues annually.In India, McDonalds is a 50-50 joint partnership business between McDonalds corporations USA and two Indian businessmen. It took them six years with an investment of 4 billion to build up their supply chain properly in the Indian market. Their first restaurant in India was opened in 1996 at New Delhi.By introducing differentiated menu products according to the Indian taste, improving logistics systems with better supplier relationships it began to spread all over the country rapidly.Now the company expanded in 34 cities in India by covering 132 outlets.N. Jadhav A.Shaikh 2010, Supply chain management, Perishable products (Restaurant chain)Presentations, viewed 19/12/2010, http//www.slideshare.net/sunilmbsingh/mcdonalds-final (Diagram 1)Porters Generic Strategy AnalysisPorters generic strategies framework provides a major contribution to the development of the strategic managem ent the company can achieve to their competitive advantages by differentiating their products and services from its competitors through low costs. Mc Donalds targeted their products and services by a broad target through covering most of the market places. Also, it attains competitive advantage through market segmentation using Porters differentiation focus strategy.8.1 Differentiation strategy of McDonaldsIn differentiation strategy, fast food chains need to be more selective in which products to offer more creative in their promotion strategy.McDonalds offers specialised (Regionalized) version of its menu. This leads to differentiate the products from other competitor products as well.Mc Grilled sandwiches in US Canada.Mc Chicken Premiere Zesty chicken in UK, France, Italy Belgium.To overcome their healthy issues Mc Donalds added salads other lighter options to its menu encourage people to visit more often.Product adaptation in India- Vegetarian selections, No bellyache or pork items, McMasalaWide variety of menu items according to the Indian menu itemsVegetable non vegetable products.Health conscious items.Local flavors.Food preferences IndiaB. Craig K. R. Dickson, eleventh December 2007, Supply chain management, Mc India pptPresentations, viewed 19/12/2010,http//www.slideshare.net/KRDickson/McIndia-Final-ppt (Diagram 2)Mc Donalds premium lineThey have introduced a group of products in early 2000s. It includes McDonalds larger chicken sandwich, salad line coffee products. Grilled chicken sandwiches are targeted different demographic markets. Mc Cafes located in Australia within the McDonalds restaurant.Types of restaurantsCounter service drive through (With indoor outdoor seating in Delhi.)McDrive locations near highways offer no counter services or seating.McCaf restaurants within the same McDonalds restaurants. (They increased gross sales by 60% from this strategy.)Expansion for the following locations as wellMore distribution centers wi thin 500 km radius.Satellite cities near Mumbai Delhi.Cities with tourist aggregation and eating out culture.Petrol stations, railway bus stations in around Delhi.Shopping malls and movie complexes (Delhi Mumbai)Differentiating promotion programsMcDonalds focused on superior expense performance during the time of economic crisis.Point of sales (POS) promotion programs.Combo meals. (Customers get more discounts through this.)Lottery for winning its products.Sampling activities to taste their products to a discount price.Internet promotions.TV and other media promotions.To differentiate with their competitors McDonalds tried to focus on its unique campaign.Im lovin it campaign to attract family.Feature artists to attract teenagers.Introduces wireless engineering science platform, by allowing their customers to access internet by creating an innovative environment.8.2 Cost leadership strategyUnder Porters competitive strategies, McDonalds uses an overall low-cost leadership stra tegy to funk cost increase sales.Higher profits resulting from sales through lower prices than competitors as the unit cost is lower.Mc Donalds is having a biggest market share out of completive fast food restaurants. Therefore, they increase sales by reducing price than competitors.Food ItemsMcDonaldsSubwayKFCPizza HutDominosBurgers PizzasRs 20- Rs 70Rs 65- Rs 135Rs 25- Rs clxxvRs 55- Rs 175(Regular)Rs 35-Rs 140(Regular)Combo MealsRs 49- Rs 119Rs 45- Rs 175Rs 55- Rs 150Rs 120- Rs 250Rs 120- Rs 230BeveragesRs 25- Rs 50Small- 300mlRs 35- Rs 45Small 300mlRs 30- Rs 55Small 300mlPet beverageMRP 600mlRs 30600 ml leaveRs 12-Rs 25Rs 20- Rs50Rs 15- Rs 65Rs 40- Rs 60Rs 25 100 mlCup of Baskin Robbins(Diagram 3)Market share (worldwide)CompanyStoresCountriesMarket shareMcDonalds3110812033.06%Burger King114555813.68%Wendys88112211.69%Hardeess3295152.78%Jack in the Box200013.67%(Diagram 4)McDonalds India Network competitorsCompanyOutlets (No.)Cities CoveredMcDonalds13234Pizza Hut13734Dominos2 2042Subway13132KFC3409(Diagram 5)Bruce Craig, Keith R. Dickson, International Business Management, Network competitors Online, available at http//www.slideshare.net/KRDickson/McIndia-Final-ppt 20/12/2010Through adding 700-900 restaurants annually, McDonalds enter new markets through lower prices.It shows a great barrier to entry for competitors to enter the industry.Through its strong centralized authority tight control, standardized procedures McDonalds takes most an efficiency approach.Key elements of McDonalds business strategyAdding 700-900 restaurants annually.Giving low price products, Extra offers through new menu items.Highly selective in granting franchises.Selects most convenient places to customers.Focused on express mail product lines through maintaining the quality.Extensive advertising.Proper HR management through equitable wage good training.McDonalds cost leadership strategy growth strategy is based onAdding new restaurants.Maximizing sales sales in existing re staurants.Improving profitability (globally)Success behind their business lies in the supreme of Think global, act local.They ensure that their structure fits with the international environment, but also have internal flexibility geographically.McDonalds has twice the market share of its closest competitor, Burger King.

Nativism Essay -- essays papers

NativismAll so called Native Americans, were once immigrants. There were two waves of immigration between the previous(predicate) 1800s through the early 1900s. The first wave of immigrants called the old immigrants came to America between 1890-1897. They were in the first place from Northern Europe Great Britain, Germ all, and Scandinavia. The second wave of immigrants called the new immigrants came to America from 1897-1924. The new immigrants primarily came from Southern and Eastern Europe countries such as Poland, Russia, and Italy. Nativist parties, like the Know-Nothings and the Order of the Star Spangled Banner verbalized their distaste and disapproval of immigrants. Actions and regulations against immigration did not begin until near the end of the old immigration and the beginning of the new immigration. Nativists had many fears and concerns regarding immigrants. These concerns included being socially ill-suited to live with the older received Americans, stealing jobs fr om the native work force, and bringing new, radical ideas to the rustic. These fears and concerns caused nativists to come up with schemes to keep immigrants out of the country. These strategies had a great impact on immigration in our country.Nativists had many concerns regarding immigrants. They feared that immigrants would take the jobs of native Americans because they were willing to work for very low wages. When the native work force went on strike many workers feared that many immigrants would evict them in the workplace. Another concern was that immigrants were hard to Americanize. These people came to American with their own culture, traditions, and language many of them didnt even know English. Many nativists resented immigrants because they permeated the city and do it unsafe and dirty. Their slums were breeding grounds for disease and violence. Nativists regarded immigrants as an inferior class of people. One of the theories to support this dispute was eugenics. Eugeni cs is the study of human heredity, aimed at improving the genetic quality of the human stock. The eugenics movement was an effort to grade races and ethnic groups according to their genetic qualities. Eugenicists claimed that immigrants were inferior to Anglo-Saxons and were polluting the pure American bloodstream. The sheer number of immigrants entering the country also scared many people. A. P... ...ch made it so intelligent immigrants were allowed into the country. In 1921, the Emergency Immigration Act was passed. This act made it so the number of aliens of any nationality admitted to the U.S. in a year could not exceed 3 percent of the number of foreign-born residents of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1910. Even though this heavily cut down the number of immigrants entering the country, the majority of the immigrants were new immigrants. This led to the National Origins Act in 1924. This act was harsher than the act of 1921 because it decreased the percentage of immi grants from 3% to 2%, and pushed the year from 1910 to 1890, thus making the majority of immigrants old immigrants.It is quite ironic that these nativists came to America for the same reasons as the immigrants who came in the time period of 1880-1925 however, they do not accept the immigrants who came in that period, just as they had once wanted to be accepted. Emma Lazarus The New Colossus, which is on the Statue of Liberty, reads Give me you tired, your poor, Your huddled mass desirous to breathe free, but in fact, many Americans, nativists, did not want these poor, huddled mass at all.

Technology and Prevention of War Through Time Travel :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Prevention of War Through Time TravelMy bring up was Randy Elliot. I was born twenty-six years past in 2003. I spent my childhood in a small town in Nevada. I joined the Marines right out of high school. to the highest degree three years ago I was informed of and asked to join an elite group working for the United States Marine Corps and Federal Bureau of Investigation. We atomic number 18 identified as H-1. There are five other people in my team known as H-1. We have no individual names. We live only as a team. We are the first, and most qualified, team working on Project Hillyer.When I was first asked to join in this project, I had no idea what the significance of the name Hillyer, but I had little knowledge of literature. Once I discovered the origin of the name, I was quite amused. The appropriateness of the name is great. Hillyer is the narrator and inventor of the automobile in the H. G. Wells novel, The Time Machine.The idea of this project is centered on the obvious a t ime machine. The original machine was invented three years ago and perfected about a year later. All I know about how it functions is what I see when entering. The area I am in is five hundred feet below the surface of the earth to help in preventing damage in case of nuclear war. It is a ball-shaped room about twenty feet in diameter. There is a small platform in the center of the sphere where the departing team is transported.My team is the first of 9 teams. Teams H-1, H-2, and H-3 are CHE prevention. CHEs, or Catastrophic Human Events, are events that create massive devastation and are the fault of humankind. Teams H-4, H-5, and H-6 are CNE warnings. They warn any effected country, state, or city of impending disaster due to a natural event such as an earthquake or tornado. These six teams are only allowed to go back a maximum of one month, but have full privileges to interact with whomever is necessary.The other three teams can go back as removed as needed, but they cannot, un der any circumstances, interact with any person or thing while timing, as we call it. They are the information gatherers. They go back and figure out the truths of our history books. At one point team H-8 discovered the truth about the extenction of the dinosaurs.

Juvenile Delinquency Essays -- Youth Crime essays research papers

Juvenile DelinquencyThere is no doubt that various experts can fall us many theories as to the causes of juvenile delinquency, including mavins economic background, substance abuse, delinquent peer groups, repeated exposure to violence, increased availability of firearms and media violence. How perpetually, I feel that the arrive one cause of juvenile delinquency is the breakdown of families, including lack of parental control over nestlingren. It is ironic in America, today, one must have a drivers license to operate a vehicle, a permit to own a gun and even a license to own a dog, but one does not have to have training or a license in order to become a parent. Without specialized educational programs in child development and parenting, many of our future parents will not have a chance at becoming successful parents and worse, yet, many parents today are already contributing to the ever-increasing problem of juvenile delinquency simply by not knowing how to be parents. Being a parent is a lifelong fealty and new parents must learn parenting skills immediately they do not have the luxury of internships and often times, mistakes in parenting will have drastic effects on the child.There are many reasons for the widespread crisis in families today. Below are some of those causesChanges in the Social Environment - there have been many changes in our social environment over the last twenty-five years. These changes have made a risky environment for todays youth. Children and teenagers spend more time with peer groups than ever before. Drugs and deadly weapons are used increasingly as ways to solve problems. Illicit and explicit sexuality and violence are the main subjects of choice in the media and the impact of media influence has widened and become more vivid with the introduction of computers, video games, portable stereos and MTV.Changes in Family Structure and Functioning - The prevalence of divorce and the increasing fleck of women in the workplace hav e reduced the number of adults who provide interaction, structure and supervision in a childs life. Along with this, institutions have not kept ill-treat in providing alternative programs for unsupervised kids. Add to this new parenting expectations that come with single parent and step-parent families and you now have a confusing, often inconsistent and/or punic home base for children.Confusion... ...Reference Page1. Kortege, Carglyn. Parenthood Training Promoted. The Register Guard. Des Moines, IA www.os/c.org/InTheNews/parenthood2. Child Abuse Prevention Network, Moral Development and Boys, crowd Garbarino, PH.D www.child.cornell.edu/npr.violentboys3. Conseur, Amy, Rivera, Frederick P., Baronski, Robert and Irvin, Emanuel, Maternal and Perinatal Risk Factors for Later Delinquency. Pediatrics, June, 1997, v. 99, p 785 (6)4. Berg, Stacie Zoe, High Praise For Strict Parenting, Insight on the News, Sept. 1, 1997, v 13, n 32, p. 43 (1)5. Encarta Online Deluxe, Juvenile shame www. encarta.msn.com/encart6. Alternatives For Parents Who Have Lost Control www.fbcbaytown.org/parents 7. Boostrom, Ron, Enduring Issues in Criminology - Opposing Viewpoints, Greenhaven Press, Inc., P.O. Box 289009, San Diego, CA 92198-9009, p. 121-125, 173-174, 1808. MacKenzie, D.L. 1997, Criminal Justice and Crime Prevention. In Preventing Crime What Works, What Doesnt, What Looks promise (A Report to the United States Congress), eds. L.W. Sherman, D. Gottfredson, D.MacKenzie, J. Eck, P. Reuter and S. Bushway, Washington, D.C. - National Institute of Justice

Evolution vs. Creationism Essay -- essays research papers

Evolution vs. CreationismThe Evolution vs. Creationism controversy goes all the way back to the Publishing of Origin of Species in 1859 by Darwin laying the animal foot for the evolution of life to be understood. Scientists are continuously finding more evidence to support Darwins conclusion that organisms descended from a common ancestor circumscribed by the mechanism of natural selection resulting in the evolution of species adapting to their environment. The following are the main geological topics concerning creationism radiometric dating, transitional forms and the Cambrian explosion. Creationism is nothing more than a childs fairytale that lacks any scientific proof. The aspect of radiometric dating is controversial to most creationists on the grounds that it is unreliable and has error factors. One creationist points divulge a living mollusk was once shown by carbon-14 dating to be dead for 3,000 years (Geology). There are several things wrong with this idea. Creationists who determined this think of used carbon 14 dating which is useful for determining the age of organism 50,000 years old. It is not suitable to be used for such a young organism, so the creationists make it seem as if there is something incorrect with the technique which leads to incorrect dates. Even the biggest errors, found in Carbon 14 dating, do not correspond to the 6000 year old earth that the Bible suggests. Its almost as if they are trying to create problems on the purpose so they can prove...

Inhalants: A Cheap, Easy and Deadly High Essay -- Inhalant Abuse

Hundreds of household products argon being misused as inhalants. Some of these products include nail polish remover, hair spray, change fluids, spray paint, and the propellant in aerosol whipped cream (Inhalants, 2010). Inhalants are breathable chemical vapors that users intentionally inhale because of the chemicals mind-altering do (National constitute on Drug Abuse NIDA, 2010). The trend in inhalant abuse is growing among the young community throughout the country. Surveys have shown in 2008 2 cardinal Americans of 12 or over reported using inhalants (NIDA, 2010). Young children from the age of 12 to 17 are the primary age group of abusers (National Drug intelligence service Center NDIC, 2001). The numbers reflect that it is becoming more popular for young America to abuse the various inhalants available to them without realizing the short terminal and long term effects of the drug.Inhalants come in many different shapes and sizes. Each inhalant falls into one of four general categories for the substances. Liquids that are vaporized at dwell temperature if left in unsealed containers are considered volatile solvents. Gasoline, nail polish remover, felt-tip markers, and glue contain volatile solvents. Sprays that contain propellants and solvents fall under the aerosol category. Paint, deodorant, readiness products, and silver and gold spray paint are familiar aerosols. Substances that lack definite shape or volume such as refrigerants and medical anesthetics are gases. Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, is abused more often than any gas. It can be obtained from whipped cream dispensers, products that boost octane levels in hotfoot cars, balloons, or small sealed vials called whippets. Gases found in butane lighters, air c... ...alize that abusing inhalants causes serious effects. Not only does a person experience the short term effects that attract them to the drug but also experience the long term effects that can leave a critical mark on a persons health. Abusers of inhalants need to be educated that what is thought to be a satisfying high is actually a deadly high. ReferencesInhalants. (2010). Web. 30 Mar. 2015. http//www.drugfree.org/portal site/drug_guide/inhalantsMissouri Department of Mental Health. (n.d.). Inhalants. Web. 30 Mar. 2015. http//www.well.com/user/woa/fsinhale.htmNational Drug Intelligence Center. (2001). Intelligence Brief Huffing The Abuse of Inhalants. Web. 30 Mar. 2015. http//www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs07/708/index.htmNational play on Drug Abuse. (2010). Inhalants. Web. 30 Mar. 2015. http//www.drugabuse.gov/drugpages/inhalants.html